Oil burner



Octfzg, 1940. R, R, TURNER '2,219,349

OIL BURNER Filed May 2, 1939 g L 7 j@ 17g-2.5.20

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FLW/MU? Ta/Er Patented Oct. 29, 1940 ,UNlTl-:D: STAT/Esl PATENT oFFlcE fOIL BURNER Ralph n. r. Turner, University Park, Md. Application May 2,1939, Serial No. 271,415

Claims.

directing cylinder and an external oil-fed flame chamber to which theoil is independently directed and which is under active control ofpressure to direct the flame upwardly and beyond the burner proper.

A further object of the invention'is the provi-y sion of deectors bywhich the flame is directed beyond the burner proper in an` annularconcentrated sheet or ring for electiveresult.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure l is a View in vertical section, partly in elevation, of theimproved burner.

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2--2 of Figure l. The improved burnercomprises an outer casing I, within which is arranged an inner casing 2,the bottom 3 of which is spaced from the bottom 4 ofv the outer casing.The outer casing is imperforate while the inner casing is perforatedwith holes of suitable size -throughout its full area except the 0 anexterior source and opening flush with the bot-v tom of the pilotchamber.- It is to be understood,

though'such parts are not illustrated, that conventional, for example,float controlled means are provided to control the delivery through thefuel 5 pipe 9 so as to maintain a comparatively shallow almost film-likeaccumulation of fuel in the bottom of the pilot chamber, as indicated atI0.

A ame directing cylinder I I is supported upon legs I0, resting on thebottom 3, the cylinder I'I 50 surrounding and in spaced relation to thepilot chamber. The legs II)a form a space between the bottom of thecylinder II and the bottom 3, to

form a slight passage between the space between the cup-shapedlreceptacle 8 and the space be- 55 tween the inner casing and cylinderIl. The

flame directing cylinder extendsfrom the bottom 3 of the inner chamber 2to a point slightly below the upper ends of these chambers I and 2, andis provided at its upper end with bracket arms I2 which support aconical deflector I3, which may be radially'fluted. The deector extendswithin the flame directing cylinder with its apex I4 below the top ofthe cylinder, and in the upper edge of the cylinder, there is formedaseries of cut-out sections I5 to establish more open relation be- 1tween the space within the inner casing 2 and the flame directingcylinder.

The upper orfree edge I6 of the'deector I3 v fextends beyond the wallofthe flame directing In the flame directing cylinder is ar- 15cylinder.

ranged abaflle Il open at the center,l as at I8.

The flame burning chamber is included between the flame directingcylinder and the casing 2 and n' v is indicated at 20. The upper end of.this chaml ber 20 is provided with a baille plate 2 I--, preferably 20secured upon the closed end 1 ofthe wallsof the inner and outer casing,which baille plate extends towards the, defiector I3, the centralopening 22 of the baille 2| affording an outlet from the ame chamber 20being arranged beneath the outer g5 portion of the deector. Thus all theflame passing out the opening 22, or as a. matter of fact, out of theflame directing vcylinder II is deflected by the def-lector I3 into anannular, comparatively narrow concentrated ring of'ame. 30

A fuel delivery pipe 23 extends into the flame chamber near the bottomthereof, the delivery of oil being controlled in accordance withrequirements of heat, and hence it is contemplated that af conventionalcontrol valve, thermostatically governed, will admit the requisitequantity of fuel to the chamber 20 inaccordance with heatdemands. Aconduit 24 leading from a source of air under pressure opens through thebottom 4 of the outer casing, so that the entire space between the innerand outer casings and within'the inner cas'- ing may be subjected to airunder pressure. Of course, the motor or other means rfor supplying L airunder pressure will be controlled bythe thermostatic elementgoverningthe oilsupply tothe chamber 20. f y

As thus constructed, it will be understood that y there will be a verysmall quantity of loil or other dropped into! theoil in the pilotchamber. :As

the vapors from the oil in the pilot chamber rise in the name directingcylinder, they pass through the openings I5 into the flame chamberl 20,into wA which latter fuel is being admitted through the pipe 23. The airunder pressure admitted through the conduit 24 will pass through theholes 5 creating a more or less vaporous condition of the oil in thechamber 2D, also through the passage lb to cause the ame from the oil inthe pilot chamber to be forced into the chamber 2l), and at the sametime upwardly through the flame directing cylinder and thereby heat theparts. The conversion action is so rapid that almost as soon as the airis turned on, the vapor in the name chamber is converted into flame withcombustion continuously renewed from the fuel at the bottom of thechamber, and the flame and Vapor from the pilot chamber will be drawnupward into the ame directing chamber and forced through the openingsI5.

The llame thus generated is directed outwardly through the opening 22and deflected by the deflector i3, as previously described. The burneris constructed of metal, has no moving parts in itself and is designedto be inserted as a unit in a furnace or other enclosure according tothe purposes-for which the heat from the flame beyond the deiiector isto be used.

In actual practice, there will be found no ame between the bame I1 andthe fuel in the pilot chamber incident vto the pressure of air and thecomparatively free upward movement of the same. However,whenthermostatic control is effected and the fuel in the chamber 20 isexhausted, the flame in the upper portion. of the llame directingcylinder will gradually consume the vapor above the -pilot chamber andmove downwardly until finally contacting and ignitlng the oil or otherfuel in the pilot chamber, which fuel of course is maintained inconstant supply.

The oil burner as a whole may be constructed the flame directingcylinder, means for directing fuel in constant limited supply to thepilot chamber, means for directing tuel to the space within the innercasing, and means for directing air under pressure to the space betweenthe casings and through the holes in the wall of the inner casing.

2. A construction as defined in claim 1, in-

l cluding a baille near the lower end of the inner casing above thepilot chamber to restrict the outlet therefrom, and a conical deectorcarried by the flame directing cylinder and extending over the innercasing outlet.

3. A construction as defined in claim 1, wherein the flame directingcylinder is freely movable in the upper direction to permit access tothe pilotchamber for igniting the fuel therein. 4. A construction asdefined in claim 1,'wherein the iiame directing cylinder is interiorlyprovided with a baille and with an air passage below the baille and theflame burning chamber.

5. A construction as defined in claim 1, wherein the upper end of theflame directing cylinder carries a conical deflector which is radiallyconvoluted. l

l RALPH R. P. TURNER.

